What is Genicular Artery Embolization (GAE)?

Genicular Artery Embolization (GAE) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat knee pain caused by osteoarthritis (OA). The procedure reduces pain by blocking blood flow to the inflamed areas of the knee, which decreases inflammation and helps manage symptoms of knee osteoarthritis.

Key Aspects of Genicular Artery Embolization (GAE):

Why GAE is Done:

• • GAE is primarily used for patients with knee osteoarthritis who experience chronic pain and inflammation, especially when other treatments like medications, physical therapy, or steroid injections have not provided sufficient relief.
  • It is a non-surgical alternative for people who want to avoid or delay knee replacement surgery.

How GAE Works:

• • Procedure:
    • A small incision is made, typically in the groin or wrist, to access an artery.
    • A catheter is inserted and guided to the genicular arteries, which supply blood to the knee joint.
    • Tiny particles are injected through the catheter to block blood flow to the inflamed areas in the knee.
    • By reducing blood flow, the particles decrease the inflammation and abnormal blood vessel formation that contributes to knee pain in osteoarthritis.
  • Imaging: Real-time X-rays (fluoroscopy) are used to guide the catheter and ensure accurate placement of the particles.

Benefits of GAE:

• • Minimally invasive: GAE doesn’t require open surgery, which means smaller incisions, less pain, and a shorter recovery time.
  • Pain relief: Studies show that many patients experience significant reduction in knee pain after GAE, often within weeks of the procedure.
  • Improved mobility: By reducing pain, GAE allows patients to increase their activity levels and improve their quality of life.
  • Outpatient procedure: GAE is usually done on an outpatient basis, allowing patients to go home the same day.
  • Preserves joint structure: Unlike knee replacement surgery, GAE preserves the knee joint and does not involve removal of bone or cartilage.

Who is a Candidate for GAE:

• • Patients with moderate to severe osteoarthritis who have not responded well to conservative treatments such as anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy, or injections.
  • Individuals who are not yet ready for or want to avoid knee replacement surgery.
  • GAE may be particularly beneficial for patients who are not good candidates for surgery due to age, health conditions, or other factors